EXTRICATION
INTRODUCTION
Optimal patient care requires that the EMT-I understand the principles
of extrication. The following topics
will be discussed during this lesson:
• Stages of Extrication
• Techniques of Lifting/Moving Patient
• Techniques of Extrication
• Motor Vehicle Accident Scene Safety
LESSON OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lesson the participants will be able to:
1. State
the five stages of extrication.
2. Describe
three lifting techniques that should be used when moving or lifting a patient
3. Discuss
measures that rescue workers should take to provide safety at a MVA.
4. Understand
the common injuries associated with vehicle restraint devices.
SKILLS
Use of Basket-Type Stretcher
KEY VOCABULARY
The following terms will be used during this lesson:
• MVA Motor vehicle
accident
• TA Traffic accident
• Extrication Disentanglement; freeing
from entrapment
KEY CONCEPTS
The following section provides information and space for taking notes on
the key concepts discussed by the instructor.
STAGES OF EXTRICATION
|
• Gaining access • Treatment
of injuries • Disentanglement
of vehicle • Preparation
for removal of patient • Removal of patient |
LIFTING TECHNIQUES
|
• Bend at knees/ Lift with legs, not back • Obtain adequate help |
MVA SCENE SAFETY
|
• Flare Patterns ·
Place at adequate distance from incident ·
Avoid placing near flammable liquids • Vehicle
Placement ·
Uphill & upwind ·
In front or behind scene/Out of traffic lanes • Traffic
Control ·
Wear visible clothing/Use flashlight ·
Stand out of traffic lanes if possible • Control of
Fire Hazards ·
Park away from fuel or flammable liquid ·
Remove patient to safe area ASAP |
COMMON INJURIES
|
• Unrestrained victim ·
Dashboard injuries ·
Ejection • Lap belt ·
Facial, head or neck injuries ·
Abdominal injuries (especially if improperly
positioned) • Cross-chest belt (injuries
less common) ·
Neck or spinal injuries ·
Clavicle fractures • Air bags (injuries less
common) ·
Leg, pelvis, abdominal injuries |